Tubing head



July 23, 1935. A. J. PENlCK ET AL TUBING HEAD Fil ed March 19, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 w i MW naw Ill

July 23, 1935. A. J. PENiCK El Al. 2,009,200

TUBING HEAD Filed March 19, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 41:12: 1 jj a 7 M @101 Patented July 23, 1935 UNITED STATES TUBING HEAD Arthur J. Penlek and Kirby T. Penick, Houston, Tex.

Application March 19, 1934, Serial No. 716,344

8 Claims.

This invention relates to a tubing head and has particular relation to novel means for suspending the tubing from the head and for combining the head and the tubing suspending means, or hanger, with the Christmas tree above.

Another object of the invention resides in novel means for mounting the Christmas tree above the head whereby the Christmas tree may be readily mounted as a unit on the head after the tubing has been lowered and the hanger landed in the head.

The invention also embodies the combination with a tubing head and blowout preventer mounted thereon of a novel type of hanger for the tubing which may be lowered through the easing of the preventer into position in a tubing head whereby the tubing may be safely lowered into the well in the presence of gas pressure in said well.

The invention also comprehends the novel method disclosed of locating a tubing in a well having strong internal gas pressure and mounting a Christmas tree thereon without danger of encountering a blowout.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention has particular relation to certain novel features of construction, operation and arrangement or parts, and to a novel method, examples of which are given in this specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 shows a side view of the tubing head showing the tubing suspended therefrom and the Christmas tree connected up.

Figure 2 shows a fragmentary vertical sectional view, thereof.

Figure 3 shows a vertical sectional view of the tubing head showing a blowout preventer thereon partly in section with the tubing being lowered therethrough and Figure 4 shows a side view partly in section of the tubing head and blowout preventer casing thereon, with the pressure head removed.

Referring now more particularlyto the drawings, wherein like numerals of reference designate similar parts in each of the figures, the numeral I designates a casing head attached to the upper end of the casing 2 and having the inside upwardly flared seat 3. The casing head has the outlet connections 4, 4, for the connections or flow lines thereto. As shown one of said connections is closed by the plug 5 and leading from the other connection there is the flow line 6 controlled by the valve 1.

There is the tubing hanger 8 which is formed hollow and upwardly flared and thus shaped to seat closely in the seat 3 when the tubing is m place in the well. This hanger may have the surrounding packing rings as 9 to form a fluid tight seal between the hanger and the seat 3. The hanger is formed with the tubular depending nipple l0 having the internal right hand threads at its lower end to receive the upper end of the tubing II and the upper end of the nipple ID has the internal right hand threads to receive the lower end of the pick up section l2 whereby the tubing ll may be finally landed in positioq or picked up.

The lower end of the tubing usually is formed into a screen l3 and above the screen has a frangible disc l4 secured therein closing the passageway through the tubing.

While the tubing is being lowered or after it has been lowered and before the Christmas tree is installed fluid such as gas, or oil, flowing from the well, will flow up through the casing 2 and may be discharged out through the line 6. After the tubing has been landed in place with the hanger 8 seated in the seat 3, the Christmas tree assembly l5 may then be installed. This assembly is of any conventional construction, usually comprising the cross or four way connection it having the lateral flow lines l1, l1, controlled by the valves l8, l8 and also having the upper and lower tubing sections I9, 20 connected thereto, the latter of which is controlled by the valve 2|. The lower section 20 is screwed onto the upper end of the adapter 22 whose lower end is downwardly tapered to conform to the shape of and to fit within the internal seat 23 of the hanger. The tapering portion of the adapter has the surrounding packing 24 which forms a fluid tight seal between the adapter and the seat 23. The upper end of the casing head and the adapter 22, have the coinciding flanges 25 and 26 respectively to receive the bolts 21, by means of which the adapter may be secured in place. The-Christmas tree may be assembled as a unit before it is installed and then quickly and easily swung into place as shown in Figure 2 and secured to the casing head, by the bolts 21. This operation may be completed much more rapidly than in the customary way of assembling the Christmas tree on the tubing head. It is important that the Christmas tree be quickly installed in many cases. particularly when the well is under pressure and a blowout is imminent, so that the well may be placed under control and hence the advantage of assembling the Christmas tree and installing it as a unit. When the Christmas tree is installed the valve 2| may be opened and a suitable spear iii pr other object dropped down through the tubing and the disc ll thus broken out; or a pressure operable valve may be substituted for the disc I! and opened by pump pressure. The valve 1 may then be closed and the well may thereafter flow through the tubing, and the flow controlled by the valves of the Christmas tree in the usual way.

It sometimes happens when strong pressure in the well is present that the tubing must be lowered through a blowout preventer This blowout preventer is shown installed in Figure 3. It includes casing 28 connected to the upper end 01 the casing head I by the tubular connection 29 and the bolts 30, and also includes the pressure head 3|. While the tubing is being lowered, it a blowout is indicated, the pressure head 3| may be inserted in the casing 28 around the tubing which is being lowered, and said pressure head may be removed from time to time to permit the couplings of the tubing to pass. Any suitable type 01' blowout preventer may be used provided the inside diameter of its casing is large enough to permit the hanger 8 to pass therethrough. When the tubing II is to be finally landed in place the hanger l is connected onto the upper end thereof and the pressure head Si is removed, as illustrated in Figure 4, and the tubing is then further lowered until the hanger has passed through the casing 20 and landed on the seat 3. The bolts 30 may then be disconnected and the preventer then removed and the Christmas tree installed as hereinbetore explained.

The tubing may thus be lowered into a well and supported therein and the Christmas tree installed and the well pressure meanwhile retained under control.

The drawings and description are illustrative merely and the mechanical construction is subject to be varied within the broad scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

What we claim is:

1. The combination with a well casing having a tubular head thereon provided with an inside, upwardly flared seat, 01' a tubular hanger shaped to conform to the shape of and to fit into said seat, packing around the hanger and forming a seal between the hanger and seat, means for the connection of a tubing to the hanger whereby said tubing may be suspended in the well, said hangerhaving an inside upwardly flared seat, a Christmas tree having an adapter shaped to fit into the hanger seat and to support the Christmas tree and means for detachably connecting the adapter to the head.

2. The combination with a well casing having a tubular head thereon provided with an inside, upwardly flared seat, of a tubular hanger shaped to conform to the shape of and to flt into said seat, packing around the hanger and forming a seal between the hanger and seat, means for the connection of a tubing to the hanger whereby said tubing may be suspended in the well, said hanger having an inside upwardly flared seat, a

Christmas tree having an adapter shaped to flt into the hanger seat and to support the Christmas tree, and means for securing the adapter to the casing head.

3. The combination with a casing having a tubular head thereon provided with an inside seat, of a hollow hanger shaped to flt in said seat and having a depending connection for the attachment of a tubing to the hanger, said hanger having an inside seat, an assembly of tubular flow connections having an adapter shaped to fit the hanger seat and means ior securing the adapter to the casing head.

4. In combination a tubular head having an inside seat and an outwardly extended flange, a tubular hanger shaped to flt said seat and having an inside seat, a tubular adapter shaped to flt the hanger seat and having a flange, bolts connecting the flanges, and a Christmas tree on the adapter and supported thereby.

5. In combination a tubular head having an inside seat, a tubular hanger shaped to flt said seat and having an inside seat, a tubular adapter shaped to flt the hanger seat, a Christmas tree on the adapter and supported thereby, packing around the hanger and adapter, respectively forming fluid tight joints between said hanger, and adapter, respectively and their corresponding seats.

6. The combination 01' a well casing having a tubular head thereon provided with an inside, upwardly flared seat, of a tubular hanger shaped to conform to the shape of, and to fit into said seat, packing around the hanger and iorming a seal between the hanger and seat, means for connecting the tubing to the hanger whereby said tubing may be suspended in the well, said hanger having a seat, and a Christmas tree having an adapter shaped to fit the hanger seat and support the Christmas tree and means for securing the adapter in position on the head.

'1. The combination of a well casing having a tubular head thereon provided with an inside upwardly flared seat, of a tubular hanger shaped to conform to the shape of and to fit into said seat, packing around the hanger and forming a seal between the hanger and seat, means tor the connection of a tube to the hanger whereby said tubing may be suspended in the well, said hanger having a seat, a Christmas tree having an adapter shaped to fit the seat of said hanger and to support the Christmas tree, and means for securing the adapter to the head.

8. The combination with a casing having a tubular head thereon provided with an inside seat, of a hollow hanger shaped to flt in said seat and having a depending connection for the attachment of a tubing to the hanger, said hanger having an inside seat, a flow line connection having an adapter shaped to flt the hanger seat and means for securing the adapter to the casing head.

ARTHUR J. PENICK. mRBY T. PENICK. 

